Even so, so that you can method the crystal is very Sophisticated producing methods are required. Because the dawn of this crystal, engaged on this obstacle, we are actually the sole organization on the earth that can be processed During this crystal.
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According to the proof-of-theory experiment, the conversion effectiveness of 23% implied the potential of obtaining significant-ability at the next Stokes wavelength with the Raman laser. In case the pump laser of 1078 nm could possibly be attained at the normal electricity of 50 W, the output energy of its 2nd Stokes wavelength at 1512 nm could be more than ten W. The design from the Raman laser cavity should be optimized so as to avoid the injury of your M1 and diamond surface.
The common power in the NIR laser nonetheless has the opportunity to get enhanced to tens of watts for example 70 W [26] if the double-move configuration may be used with the Yb:YAG SCF amplifier phase. Hence, When the conversion effectiveness of 31% from NIR to DUV may be continue to managed at this higher energy problem, the typical output electrical power on the DUV laser at 258 nm might be over 20 W, which would become a impressive electric power stage for that DUV laser and cause the unanticipated DUV laser machining benefits. In addition, for top-electric power DUV laser, the UV injury of the nonlinear crystal, such as the Home windows for CLBO crystal along with the mirrors, is another significant parameter for long lasting and secure operation.
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On the other facet, the facility scaling on the NIR laser is another factor to boost the normal energy with the 193-nm DUV laser. Because of the deficiency of the significant-power amplification Remedy with the NIR laser (as an example at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency procedures for instance optical parameter oscillation (OPO) might be placed on develop a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from one μm to the specified wavelength and obtaining relative larger electricity [21]. A short while ago, a diamond Raman laser showed its capability in attaining a substantial electric power and a higher conversion efficiency for the 1st Stokes with the 1-μm laser [22,23], which implies the chance to get applied in the 193-nm DUV laser era as a result of its superior Raman achieve and large frequency change.
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Cesium Lithium Borate (CsLiB6O10 or CLBO) is the simplest non-linear crystal which generates ultraviolet harmonics with the Nd:YAG elementary laser wavelength. In an effort to boost the injury threshold, reduced CLBO area roughness, by extremely-precision machining, is needed. As the CLBO crystal has straightforward hydroscopic reaction and micro scratches in machining, extremely-precise machining with the CLBO crystal is actually a complicated specialized trouble.
The beam profile shown in Determine 7b shown a good beam quality as one of many merits of Raman laser, which would be valuable to crank out a 193-nm DUV laser with a top quality beam.
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The development with the 193-nm laser was demonstrated by stages of SFG. So that you can scale the DUV laser electrical power correctly, a brand new principle of your 193-nm DUV laser generation is presented determined by the diamond Raman laser.